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Effect of soil texture on N2O emissions in Southern NSW irrigated wheat. Griffith, New South Wales, 2013

Data Set Citation

Quayle W of CSIRO Griffith and Jamali H of CSIRO. Effect of soil texture on N2O emissions in Southern NSW irrigated wheat. Griffith, New South Wales, 2013.
quayle.27.7 (http://www.n2o.net.au/knb/metacat/quayle.27.7/html).

Metadata download:
Ecological Metadata Language (EML) File
Data Table
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Data Set Owner(s):
Individual:
Dr. Wendy Quayle
Organization:
CSIRO Griffith
Position:
Research Scientist
Address:
CSIRO,
Research Station Road,
Griffith,
NSW 2680
AUSTRALIA
Phone:
+61(2) 6960 1537 (voice)
Phone:
+61(2) 6960 1600 (fax)
Email Address:
Wendy.Quayle@csiro.au
Web Address:
http://www.csiro.au/en/Organisation-Structure/Divisions/Land-and-Water/WendyQuayle.aspx
Individual:
Dr. Hizbullah Jamali
Organization:
CSIRO
Position:
OCE Post Doctoral Fellow
Address:
Research Station Road,
Griffith,
NSW 2680
Australia
Phone:
++61 2 6960 1500 (voice)
Phone:
++61 2 6960 1600 (fax)
Email Address:
Hiz.Jamali@csiro.au
Associated Party
Individual:
Professor Peter Grace
Organization:
Queensland University of Technology
Position:
Director ISR
Address:
Gardens Point campus, 2 George St,
Brisbane,
Queensland 4001
Australia
Phone:
07 3138 9283 (voice)
Phone:
07 3138 4438 (fax)
Email Address:
pr.grace@qut.edu.au
Role:
NANORP Co-Ordinator
Abstract

Soil texture is a major driver of soil-derived N2O emissions as it controls the soil aeration status thereby influencing the processes of nitrification and denitrification. We used a novel measurement system that combines weighing lysimeters with automated chambers to study the effect of soil texture on GHG and water balance at sub-daily time resolution from three soil types of variable texture: 1) Banna Sand (BS), 2) Hanwood Loam (HL), and 3) Mundiwa Clay Loam (MCL), all from southern New South Wales, Australia. Six intact soil cores (diameter = 0.75 m, depth = 1.2 m) were collected from each soil type, half of which were planted with wheat while rest left bare. Four cores from each soil type were measured for N2O, CH4 and CO2, as well as soil temperature, moisture and evapotranspiration (ET). Remaining two cores from each soil type were destructively sampled to measure seasonal changes in mineral N, pH and DOC. Leaching losses of water, nutrients and dissolved GHGs were also measured. N2O emissions were in the order MCL>HL>BS. Greatest response of N2O to irrigation and rainfall events was observed in MCL while BS and HL showed negligible to short-lived response suggesting nitrification as the major process for N2O emissions in the coarse-textured soils (BS and HL) and and denitrification in the fine-textured soils (MCL). Plants had a significant effect on N2O emissions with cores planted with wheat showed significantly larger N2O emissions compared to cores left bare; however, the magnitude of this effect was variable among soil types and was in the order MCL>HL>BS. Leaching losses of water and N were greatest in BS followed by HL while no leaching occurred in MCL. Plant uptake significantly reduced the leaching losses of water and nutrients. A denitrification experiment was also conducted by adding 60% enriched K15NO3 to all cores followed by manual gas sampling for 15N2O and 15N2 fluxes and soil sampling for changes in soil mineral N, as well as losses through leaching below root-zone. Samples from this 15N experiment are currently being analysed.

Keywords
  • N2O
  • Nitrous oxide
  • Greenhouse Gas Emissions
  • Nitrification
  • Denitrification
  • Irrigated Wheat
  • 15N Labelling
  • Griffith
  • NSW
anzsrc-for
  • 0502
  • 0503
License and Usage Rights

Permission required from data owner

Geographic Coverage
Geographic Description:
Hanwood Loam sampling site, Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area, Griffith, NSW, Australia
Bounding Coordinates:
West:  
146.068  degrees
East:  
146.068  degrees
North:  
-34.323675  degrees
South:  
-34.323675  degrees
Geographic Description:
Banna Sand sampling site, Murrumbidgee irrigation Area, Griffith, NSW, Australia
Bounding Coordinates:
West:  
146.078  degrees
East:  
146.078  degrees
North:  
-34.319  degrees
South:  
-34.319  degrees
Geographic Description:
Mundiwa Clay Loam sampling site, Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area, Leeton, NSw Australia
Bounding Coordinates:
West:  
146.382  degrees
East:  
146.382  degrees
North:  
-34.603242  degrees
South:  
-34.603242  degrees
Temporal Coverage
Begin:
2013-05-01
End:
2013-12-30
Contact(s)
Individual:
Dr. Wendy Quayle
Organization:
CSIRO Griffith
Position:
Research Scientist
Address:
CSIRO,
Research Station Road,
Griffith,
NSW 2680
AUSTRALIA
Phone:
+61(2) 6960 1537 (voice)
Phone:
+61(2) 6960 1600 (fax)
Email Address:
Wendy.Quayle@csiro.au
Web Address:
http://www.csiro.au/en/Organisation-Structure/Divisions/Land-and-Water/WendyQuayle.aspx
Individual:
Dr. Hizbullah Jamali
Organization:
CSIRO
Position:
OCE Post Doctoral Fellow
Address:
Research Station Road,
Griffith,
NSW 2680
Australia
Phone:
++61 2 6960 1500 (voice)
Phone:
++61 2 6960 1600 (fax)
Email Address:
Hiz.Jamali@csiro.au
Methods Info
Step 1:
Description:
Effect of soil texture on greenhouse gas emissions
Automated Greenhouse Gas-Weighing Lysimeter System Aset of weighing lysimeters (12 soil monoliths intotal)have been used to investigate relationshipsbetweengreenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and nutrient andwatermanagement in irrigated cropping systems.Twelve lysimeters (0.7 m diameter and 1.5 mdeep) are weighing allowing replicatedsoil-water-plant-nutrient experimental design.Twelve automatic chambers connected to a gaschromatograph (GC) for measuring nitrous oxide (N2O) andmethane (CH4) flux from the soil surface withinthe chambers and an infrared analyser (LI-COR, USA) formeasuring fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) will be connected tothe twelve weighing silos.The chamber/GHG system is operated through acomputer-controlled manifold programmed to measure GHGconcentration at three minute intervals in acycle through four chambers while they are closed for a onehour period. The one hour cycle is then repeated for theremaining two sets of four chambers.Each lysimeter is mounted on load cells forconstant measurement of water balance and the soil profile ismonitored for volumetric water content (?v) and temperature in10 cm intervals.
Instrument(s):
  • Weighing lysimeters (0.7m diameter, 1.5m deep)
  • Gas chromatograph (GC)
  • Infrared analyser (LI-COR, USA)
Sampling Area And Frequency:

Winter cropping season: May 2013 - November, 2013

Sampling Description:

A novel measurement system has been used that combines weighing lysimeters with automated greenhouse gas chambers to study the effect of soil texture on GHG and water balance at sub-daily time resolution from three soil types of variable texture: 1) Banna Sand (BS), 2) Hanwood Loam (HL), and 3) Mundiwa Clay Loam (MCL), all from southern New South Wales, Australia. Six intact soil cores (diameter = 0.75 m, depth = 1.2 m) were collected from each soil type, half of which were planted with wheat while the remaineder were not sown. All soil types were irrigated when volumetric water content reached 60% to maintain water availability as a constant. Four cores from each soil type were measured continuously for N2O, CH4 and CO2, as well as soil temperature, moisture and evapotranspiration (ET). The remaining two cores from each soil type were destructively sampled on a fortnightly basis to measure seasonal changes in mineral N, pH and DOC. Leaching losses of water, nutrients and dissolved GHGs were also measured when leachign events occurred due to irrigation and rainfall..

Project Info
Title:
National Agricultural Nitrous Oxide Reduction Programme (NANORP)
Personnel:
Individual:
Professor Peter Grace
Organization:
Queensland University of Technology
Position:
Director ISR
Address:
Gardens Point campus, 2 George St,
Brisbane,
Queensland 4001
Australia
Phone:
07 3138 9283 (voice)
Phone:
07 3138 4438 (fax)
Email Address:
pr.grace@qut.edu.au
Role:
NANORP Co-Ordinator
Funding:

Australian Department of Agriculture

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