Publications
Acta Horticulturae Agriculture Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment Animal Production Science Biogeosciences Biology and Fertility of Soils Ecological Applications Ecological Modelling Ecosystems and Environment European Journal of Agronomy Global Change Biology Improved process understanding and new technologies Inhibitors for reducing emissions International Initiative Conference 2016 IOSR Journal of Engineering Nature Scientific Reports Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems Plant and Soil Program co-ordination Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry Reducing emissions through improved nitrogen use efficiency Science of the Total Environment Scientific Reports Soil Biology and Biochemistry Soil carbon in nitrous oxide emissions Soil Research 50 Soil Research 54 SpringerPlus Urban Ecosystems WIREs Climate Change
2010 |
Wang, Weijin; Dalal, Ram Assessment of the boundary line approach for predicting N2O emission ranges from Australian agricultural soils Journal Article pp. 1-4, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 1-4.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Reducing emissions through improved nitrogen use efficiency @article{Wang2010, title = {Assessment of the boundary line approach for predicting N_{2}O emission ranges from Australian agricultural soils}, author = {Weijin Wang and Ram Dalal}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {1-4}, abstract = {This study aimed to assess the feasibility of predicting ranges in N_{2}O emission with a boundary line approach using a few key driving factors. Intact soil cores (9 cm dia. and ~20 cm in depth) were collected from pasture, cereal cropping and sugarcane lands and incubated at various temperature and moisture conditions after addition of different forms of mineral nitrogen (NH_{4}+ and NO_{3}). The pasture and sugarcane soils showed greater N_{2}O production capacity than the cropping soils with similar mineral N and organic C contents or under similar temperature and water filled pore space (WFPS%), and thus different model parameters need to be used. The N_{2}O emission rates were classified into three ranges: low (< 16 g N_{2}O/ha/day), medium (16 -160 g N_{2}O/ha/day) and high (> 160 g N2O/ha/day). The results indicated that N_{2}O emissions were in the low range when soil mineral N content was below 10 mg N/kg for the cropping soils and below 2 mg N/kg for the pasture and sugarcane soils. In soils with mineral N content exceeding the above thresholds, the emission rates were largely regulated by soil temperature and WFPS and the emission ranges could be estimated using linear boundary line models that incorporated both temperature and WFPS. Using these key driving factors (land use, temperature, WFPS and mineral N content), the boundary line models correctly estimated the emission ranges for 85% of the 247 data points for the cropping soils and 59% of the 271 data points for the pasture and sugarcane soils. In view of the fact that N_{2}O emissions from soil are often very variable and difficult to predict and that the soil and environmental conditions applied in this study differed substantially, the above results suggested that, in terms of accuracy and feasibility, the boundary line approach provides a simple and practical alternative to the use of a single emission factor and more complex process-based models.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 1-4.}, keywords = {Reducing emissions through improved nitrogen use efficiency}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This study aimed to assess the feasibility of predicting ranges in N2O emission with a boundary line approach using a few key driving factors. Intact soil cores (9 cm dia. and ~20 cm in depth) were collected from pasture, cereal cropping and sugarcane lands and incubated at various temperature and moisture conditions after addition of different forms of mineral nitrogen (NH4+ and NO3). The pasture and sugarcane soils showed greater N2O production capacity than the cropping soils with similar mineral N and organic C contents or under similar temperature and water filled pore space (WFPS%), and thus different model parameters need to be used. The N2O emission rates were classified into three ranges: low (< 16 g N2O/ha/day), medium (16 -160 g N2O/ha/day) and high (> 160 g N2O/ha/day). The results indicated that N2O emissions were in the low range when soil mineral N content was below 10 mg N/kg for the cropping soils and below 2 mg N/kg for the pasture and sugarcane soils. In soils with mineral N content exceeding the above thresholds, the emission rates were largely regulated by soil temperature and WFPS and the emission ranges could be estimated using linear boundary line models that incorporated both temperature and WFPS. Using these key driving factors (land use, temperature, WFPS and mineral N content), the boundary line models correctly estimated the emission ranges for 85% of the 247 data points for the cropping soils and 59% of the 271 data points for the pasture and sugarcane soils. In view of the fact that N2O emissions from soil are often very variable and difficult to predict and that the soil and environmental conditions applied in this study differed substantially, the above results suggested that, in terms of accuracy and feasibility, the boundary line approach provides a simple and practical alternative to the use of a single emission factor and more complex process-based models. |
Millar, Neville; Robertson, Philip G; Grace, Peter R; Gehl, Ron J; Hoben, John P Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Management As A Nitrous Oxide Mitigation Strategy: Development Of A Nitrous Oxide Emission Reduction Protocol (Nerp) Journal Article pp. 172-175, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 172-175.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Program co-ordination @article{Millar2010, title = {Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate Management As A Nitrous Oxide Mitigation Strategy: Development Of A Nitrous Oxide Emission Reduction Protocol (Nerp)}, author = {Neville Millar and G. Philip Robertson and Peter R. Grace and Ron J. Gehl and John P. Hoben}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {172-175}, abstract = {Nitrous oxide (N_{2}O ) is a potent agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG). More than 50% of the global anthropogenic N_{2}O flux is attributable to emissions from soil, primarily due to large fertilizer nitrogen (N) applications to corn and other non-leguminous crops. Quantification of the trade-offs between N_{2}O emissions, fertilizer N rate, and crop yield is an essential requirement for informing management strategies aiming to reduce the agricultural sector GHG burden, without compromising productivity and producer livelihood. There is currently great interest in developing and implementing agricultural GHG reduction offset projects for inclusion within carbon offset markets. Nitrous oxide, with a global warming potential (GWP) of 298, is a major target for these endeavours due to the high payback associated with its emission prevention. In this paper we use robust quantitative relationships between fertilizer N rate and N2O emissions, along with a recently developed approach for determining economically profitable N rates for optimized crop yield, to propose a simple, transparent, and robust N_{2}O emission reduction protocol (NERP) for generating agricultural GHG emission reduction credits. This NERP has the advantage of providing an economic and environmental incentive for producers and other stakeholders, necessary requirements in the implementation of agricultural offset projects.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 172-175.}, keywords = {Program co-ordination}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Nitrous oxide (N2O ) is a potent agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG). More than 50% of the global anthropogenic N2O flux is attributable to emissions from soil, primarily due to large fertilizer nitrogen (N) applications to corn and other non-leguminous crops. Quantification of the trade-offs between N2O emissions, fertilizer N rate, and crop yield is an essential requirement for informing management strategies aiming to reduce the agricultural sector GHG burden, without compromising productivity and producer livelihood. There is currently great interest in developing and implementing agricultural GHG reduction offset projects for inclusion within carbon offset markets. Nitrous oxide, with a global warming potential (GWP) of 298, is a major target for these endeavours due to the high payback associated with its emission prevention. In this paper we use robust quantitative relationships between fertilizer N rate and N2O emissions, along with a recently developed approach for determining economically profitable N rates for optimized crop yield, to propose a simple, transparent, and robust N2O emission reduction protocol (NERP) for generating agricultural GHG emission reduction credits. This NERP has the advantage of providing an economic and environmental incentive for producers and other stakeholders, necessary requirements in the implementation of agricultural offset projects. |
Lam, Shu Kee; Norton, Rob; Lin, Erda; Armstrong, Roger; Chen, Deli Soil gas fluxes of N2O, CO2 and CH4 under elevated carbon dioxide under wheat in northern China Journal Article pp. 216-219, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 216-219.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Inhibitors for reducing emissions @article{Lam2010b, title = {Soil gas fluxes of N_{2}O, CO_{2} and CH_{4} under elevated carbon dioxide under wheat in northern China}, author = {Shu Kee Lam and Rob Norton and Erda Lin and Roger Armstrong and Deli Chen}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = { 216-219}, abstract = {Fluxes of nitrous oxide (N_{2}O), carbon dioxide (CO_{2}) and methane (CH_{4}) were measured from soils under ambient (420 ± 18 µmol/mol) and elevated (565 ± 37 µmol/mol) [CO_{2}] at the Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) experiment in a wheat field in northern China. N_{2}O and CO_{2} emissions under elevated CO_{2} were increased by 47% (p < 0.05) and 11% (p = 0.063), respectively, but had no effect on CH4 flux. A significantly greater emission of N_{2}O (1812%) and CO_{2} (69%) was observed from high-N (190 kg N/ha) than low-N (50 kg N/ha) plots only after simultaneous addition of water and urea. The fluxes of N_{2}O and CO_{2} were positively and significantly correlated with both soil moisture and organic C contents, but CH_{4} flux with organic C content only. There was no significant relationship between soil mineral N and gas fluxes.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 216-219.}, keywords = {Inhibitors for reducing emissions}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) were measured from soils under ambient (420 ± 18 µmol/mol) and elevated (565 ± 37 µmol/mol) [CO2] at the Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) experiment in a wheat field in northern China. N2O and CO2 emissions under elevated CO2 were increased by 47% (p < 0.05) and 11% (p = 0.063), respectively, but had no effect on CH4 flux. A significantly greater emission of N2O (1812%) and CO2 (69%) was observed from high-N (190 kg N/ha) than low-N (50 kg N/ha) plots only after simultaneous addition of water and urea. The fluxes of N2O and CO2 were positively and significantly correlated with both soil moisture and organic C contents, but CH4 flux with organic C content only. There was no significant relationship between soil mineral N and gas fluxes. |
Suter, Helen; Chen, Deli; Li, Huilin; Edis, Robert; Walker, Charlie Comparison of the ability of the nitrification inhibitors DCD and DMPP to reduce nitrification and N2O emissions from nitrogen fertilisers Journal Article pp. 24-27, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 24-27.). Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: Inhibitors for reducing emissions @article{Suter2010, title = {Comparison of the ability of the nitrification inhibitors DCD and DMPP to reduce nitrification and N_{2}O emissions from nitrogen fertilisers}, author = {Helen Suter and Deli Chen and Huilin Li and Robert Edis and Charlie Walker }, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {24-27}, abstract = {Nitrification of applied nitrogen fertilisers leads to losses of nitrogen (N) as nitrate (NO3-) or as the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Nitrification inhibitors can be used to suppress the ammonia oxidizing bacteria involved in nitrification and hence reduce these losses. The ability of nitrification inhibitors to reduce nitrification is dependent upon both climatic and soil conditions, and different inhibitors respond differently. The ability of two nitrification inhibitors, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) (1.84 kg/t urea) and dicyandiamide (DCD) (10 kg/t urea) to reduce nitrification from applied fertiliser (100 kg N/ha) in a pasture soil, in small scale (150 g) incubation studies under a range of temperatures (5, 15 and 25°C) was studied. Both products were applied as commercially prepared granular urea products. The comparable ability of the 2 inhibitors to reduce nitrification, as measured by NO_{3}- formation, were similar across all treatments, with neither effective in the topsoil and both causing reduced N_{3}- formation in the subsoil. N_{2}O emissions were reduced by both inhibitors. DMPP was applied at a lower concentration than DCD and performed almost, and equally as well in many cases.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 24-27.}, keywords = {Inhibitors for reducing emissions}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Nitrification of applied nitrogen fertilisers leads to losses of nitrogen (N) as nitrate (NO3-) or as the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Nitrification inhibitors can be used to suppress the ammonia oxidizing bacteria involved in nitrification and hence reduce these losses. The ability of nitrification inhibitors to reduce nitrification is dependent upon both climatic and soil conditions, and different inhibitors respond differently. The ability of two nitrification inhibitors, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) (1.84 kg/t urea) and dicyandiamide (DCD) (10 kg/t urea) to reduce nitrification from applied fertiliser (100 kg N/ha) in a pasture soil, in small scale (150 g) incubation studies under a range of temperatures (5, 15 and 25°C) was studied. Both products were applied as commercially prepared granular urea products. The comparable ability of the 2 inhibitors to reduce nitrification, as measured by NO3- formation, were similar across all treatments, with neither effective in the topsoil and both causing reduced N3- formation in the subsoil. N2O emissions were reduced by both inhibitors. DMPP was applied at a lower concentration than DCD and performed almost, and equally as well in many cases. |
Grace, Peter R; Rowlings, David; Rochester, Ian; Kiese, Ralf; Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Irrigated Cotton Soils Of Northern Australia Journal Article 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 179-182.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Program co-ordination @article{Grace2010b, title = {Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Irrigated Cotton Soils Of Northern Australia}, author = {Peter R. Grace and David Rowlings and Ian Rochester and Ralf Kiese and Klaus Butterbach-Bahl}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, abstract = {An automated gas sampling methodology has been used to estimate nitrous oxide (N_{2}O) emissions from heavy black clay soil in northern Australia where split applications of urea were applied to furrow irrigated cotton. Nitrous oxide emissions from the beds were 643 g N/ha over the 188 day measurement period (after planting), whilst the N_{2}O emissions from the furrows were significantly higher at 967 g N/ha. The DNDC model was used to develop a full season simulation of N_{2}O and N_{2} emissions. Seasonal N_{2}O emissions were equivalent to 0.83% of applied N, with total gaseous N losses (excluding NH_{3}) estimated to be 16% of the applied N.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 179-182.}, keywords = {Program co-ordination}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } An automated gas sampling methodology has been used to estimate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from heavy black clay soil in northern Australia where split applications of urea were applied to furrow irrigated cotton. Nitrous oxide emissions from the beds were 643 g N/ha over the 188 day measurement period (after planting), whilst the N2O emissions from the furrows were significantly higher at 967 g N/ha. The DNDC model was used to develop a full season simulation of N2O and N2 emissions. Seasonal N2O emissions were equivalent to 0.83% of applied N, with total gaseous N losses (excluding NH3) estimated to be 16% of the applied N. |
Barton, Louise; Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus; Kiese, Ralph; Murphy, Daniel Soil N2O fluxes are low from a grain-legume crop grown in a semi-arid climate Journal Article pp. 224-227, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 224-227.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Soil carbon in nitrous oxide emissions @article{Barton2010, title = {Soil N_{2}O fluxes are low from a grain-legume crop grown in a semi-arid climate}, author = {Louise Barton and Klaus Butterbach-Bahl and Ralph Kiese and Daniel Murphy}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {224-227}, abstract = {Understanding nitrous oxide (N_{2}O) fluxes from grain-legume crops in semi-arid and arid regions is necessary if we are to improve our knowledge of global terrestrial N_{2}O losses resulting from biological N fixation. Nitrous oxide fluxes were measured from a rain-fed soil, cropped to grain-legume in a semi-arid region of south-western Australia for one year on a sub-daily basis. The site included plots planted to narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius; 'lupin') and plots left bare ('no lupin'), with no N fertiliser applied to treatments. Fluxes were measured using soil chambers connected to a fully automated system that measured N_{2}O using gas chromatography. Daily N_{2}O fluxes were low (-0.5-24 g N_{2}O-N/ha day-1), not different between treatments, and culminated in an annual loss of 118 g N_{2}O-N/ha. Greatest daily N_{2}O fluxes occurred during the post-harvest period, and following a series of summer rainfall events. At this time of the year soil conditions were conducive to soil microbial N_{2}O production: elevated soil water content, available N, and warm soil temperatures (>25 °C). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to report annual N_{2}O emissions from a rain-fed, grain legume crop in a Mediterranean-like semi-arid region.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 224-227.}, keywords = {Soil carbon in nitrous oxide emissions}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Understanding nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes from grain-legume crops in semi-arid and arid regions is necessary if we are to improve our knowledge of global terrestrial N2O losses resulting from biological N fixation. Nitrous oxide fluxes were measured from a rain-fed soil, cropped to grain-legume in a semi-arid region of south-western Australia for one year on a sub-daily basis. The site included plots planted to narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius; 'lupin') and plots left bare ('no lupin'), with no N fertiliser applied to treatments. Fluxes were measured using soil chambers connected to a fully automated system that measured N2O using gas chromatography. Daily N2O fluxes were low (-0.5-24 g N2O-N/ha day-1), not different between treatments, and culminated in an annual loss of 118 g N2O-N/ha. Greatest daily N2O fluxes occurred during the post-harvest period, and following a series of summer rainfall events. At this time of the year soil conditions were conducive to soil microbial N2O production: elevated soil water content, available N, and warm soil temperatures (>25 °C). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to report annual N2O emissions from a rain-fed, grain legume crop in a Mediterranean-like semi-arid region. |
Suter, Helen; Chen, Deli; Li, Huilin; Edis, Robert; Walker, Charlie Comparison of the ability of the nitrification inhibitors DCD and DMPP to reduce nitrification and N2O emissions from nitrogen fertilisers Journal Article pp. 24-27, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 24-27.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Inhibitors for reducing emissions @article{Suter2010b, title = {Comparison of the ability of the nitrification inhibitors DCD and DMPP to reduce nitrification and N_{2}O emissions from nitrogen fertilisers}, author = {Helen Suter and Deli Chen and Huilin Li and Robert Edis and Charlie Walker }, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {24-27}, abstract = {Nitrification of applied nitrogen fertilisers leads to losses of nitrogen (N) as nitrate (NO_{3}-) or as the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N_{2}O). Nitrification inhibitors can be used to suppress the ammonia oxidizing bacteria involved in nitrification and hence reduce these losses. The ability of nitrification inhibitors to reduce nitrification is dependent upon both climatic and soil conditions, and different inhibitors respond differently. The ability of two nitrification inhibitors, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) (1.84 kg/t urea) and dicyandiamide (DCD) (10 kg/t urea) to reduce nitrification from applied fertiliser (100 kg N/ha) in a pasture soil, in small scale (150 g) incubation studies under a range of temperatures (5, 15 and 25°C) was studied. Both products were applied as commercially prepared granular urea products. The comparable ability of the 2 inhibitors to reduce nitrification, as measured by NO_{3}- formation, were similar across all treatments, with neither effective in the topsoil and both causing reduced N_{3}- formation in the subsoil. N_{2}O emissions were reduced by both inhibitors. DMPP was applied at a lower concentration than DCD and performed almost, and equally as well in many cases.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 24-27.}, keywords = {Inhibitors for reducing emissions}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Nitrification of applied nitrogen fertilisers leads to losses of nitrogen (N) as nitrate (NO3-) or as the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Nitrification inhibitors can be used to suppress the ammonia oxidizing bacteria involved in nitrification and hence reduce these losses. The ability of nitrification inhibitors to reduce nitrification is dependent upon both climatic and soil conditions, and different inhibitors respond differently. The ability of two nitrification inhibitors, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) (1.84 kg/t urea) and dicyandiamide (DCD) (10 kg/t urea) to reduce nitrification from applied fertiliser (100 kg N/ha) in a pasture soil, in small scale (150 g) incubation studies under a range of temperatures (5, 15 and 25°C) was studied. Both products were applied as commercially prepared granular urea products. The comparable ability of the 2 inhibitors to reduce nitrification, as measured by NO3- formation, were similar across all treatments, with neither effective in the topsoil and both causing reduced N3- formation in the subsoil. N2O emissions were reduced by both inhibitors. DMPP was applied at a lower concentration than DCD and performed almost, and equally as well in many cases. |
Grace, Peter R; Rowlings, David; Rochester, Ian; Kiese, Ralf; Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Irrigated Cotton Soils Of Northern Australia Journal Article pp. 179-182, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 179-182.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Reducing emissions through improved nitrogen use efficiency @article{Grace2010, title = {Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Irrigated Cotton Soils Of Northern Australia}, author = {Peter R. Grace and David Rowlings and Ian Rochester and Ralf Kiese and Klaus Butterbach-Bahl}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {179-182}, abstract = {An automated gas sampling methodology has been used to estimate nitrous oxide (N_{2}O) emissions from heavy black clay soil in northern Australia where split applications of urea were applied to furrow irrigated cotton. Nitrous oxide emissions from the beds were 643 g N/ha over the 188 day measurement period (after planting), whilst the N_{2}O emissions from the furrows were significantly higher at 967 g N/ha. The DNDC model was used to develop a full season simulation of N_{2}O and N_{2} emissions. Seasonal N_{2}O emissions were equivalent to 0.83% of applied N, with total gaseous N losses (excluding NH_{3}) estimated to be 16% of the applied N.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 179-182.}, keywords = {Reducing emissions through improved nitrogen use efficiency}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } An automated gas sampling methodology has been used to estimate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from heavy black clay soil in northern Australia where split applications of urea were applied to furrow irrigated cotton. Nitrous oxide emissions from the beds were 643 g N/ha over the 188 day measurement period (after planting), whilst the N2O emissions from the furrows were significantly higher at 967 g N/ha. The DNDC model was used to develop a full season simulation of N2O and N2 emissions. Seasonal N2O emissions were equivalent to 0.83% of applied N, with total gaseous N losses (excluding NH3) estimated to be 16% of the applied N. |
Schwenke, G D; Haigh, Bruce; McMullen, Guy; Herridge, David Soil nitrous oxide emissions under dryland N-fertilised canola and N2-fixing chickpea in the northern grains region, Australia Journal Article pp. 228-231, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 228-231.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Inhibitors for reducing emissions @article{Schwenke2010, title = {Soil nitrous oxide emissions under dryland N-fertilised canola and N_{2}-fixing chickpea in the northern grains region, Australia}, author = {G. D. Schwenke and Bruce Haigh and Guy McMullen and David Herridge}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {228-231}, abstract = {Nitrous oxide (N_{2}O) emissions from cropping soils contribute to increasing atmospheric N_{2}O. Planning to reduce emissions requires real-world measurements. Crop production systems that partially rely on nitrogen (N) fixed by legumes may emit less N_{2}O than systems that are totally dependent on fertiliser N inputs. We measured N_{2}O emissions from a dryland vertosol in northwest NSW, Australia during the growth of Nfertilised canola ( ) and N_{2}-fixing chickpea (Cicer arietinum). At sowing, canola received 80 kg N/ha as urea, and chickpea was inoculated with effective rhizobia. Emissions of N_{2}O were monitored seven times per day using an automated system of chambers connected to a gas chromatograph. Daily N_{2}O emissions ranged from -1.7 to 39.6 g N_{2}O-N/ha/day in canola plots and -1.6 to 12.5 g N_{2}O-N/ha/day for chickpea. During crop growth, the N-fertilised canola plots emitted a total of 293 g N_{2}O-N/ha, equivalent to 0.37% of the urea N applied. Chickpea plots emitted 29 g N_{2}O-N/ha. The canola plots emitted a further 241 g N_{2}O-N/ha in the first months of the post-crop fallow, mostly during a short period of high rainfall, compared with 58 g N_{2}O-N/ha for chickpea. We hypothesise that the canola residue may have mineralised N earlier than chickpeas.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 228-231.}, keywords = {Inhibitors for reducing emissions}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from cropping soils contribute to increasing atmospheric N2O. Planning to reduce emissions requires real-world measurements. Crop production systems that partially rely on nitrogen (N) fixed by legumes may emit less N2O than systems that are totally dependent on fertiliser N inputs. We measured N2O emissions from a dryland vertosol in northwest NSW, Australia during the growth of Nfertilised canola ( ) and N2-fixing chickpea (Cicer arietinum). At sowing, canola received 80 kg N/ha as urea, and chickpea was inoculated with effective rhizobia. Emissions of N2O were monitored seven times per day using an automated system of chambers connected to a gas chromatograph. Daily N2O emissions ranged from -1.7 to 39.6 g N2O-N/ha/day in canola plots and -1.6 to 12.5 g N2O-N/ha/day for chickpea. During crop growth, the N-fertilised canola plots emitted a total of 293 g N2O-N/ha, equivalent to 0.37% of the urea N applied. Chickpea plots emitted 29 g N2O-N/ha. The canola plots emitted a further 241 g N2O-N/ha in the first months of the post-crop fallow, mostly during a short period of high rainfall, compared with 58 g N2O-N/ha for chickpea. We hypothesise that the canola residue may have mineralised N earlier than chickpeas. |
Scheer, Clemens; Grace, Peter R; Rowlings, David; Kimber, Stephen; Zwieten, Lukas Van Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Intensive Pasture On Ferrosol In Northern Nsw, Australia: Impact Of Biochar Amendment Journal Article pp. 96-98, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 96-98.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Program co-ordination @article{Scheer2010, title = {Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Intensive Pasture On Ferrosol In Northern Nsw, Australia: Impact Of Biochar Amendment}, author = {Clemens Scheer and Peter R. Grace and David Rowlings and Stephen Kimber and Lukas Van Zwieten}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {96-98}, abstract = {An intensive field campaign was performed from April to June 2009 to assess the effect of biochar amendment on the emission of soil-borne GHGs from a sub-tropical pasture on acidic ferrosol. Over the whole measurement period high emissions N_{2}O and high fluxes of CO_{2} could be observed, whereas a net uptake of CH_{4} was measured. Only small differences in the fluxes of N_{2}O and CH_{4} from the biochar amended plots (35.33 ± 4.83 µg N_{2}O -N/m2/h, -6.76 ± 0.20 µg CH4 -C/m_{2}/h) vs. the control plots (31.08 ± 3.50 µg N_{2}O-N/m2/h,-7.30 ± 0.19 µg CH_{4} -C/m_{2}/h) could be observed, while there was no significant difference in the fluxes of CO_{2}. However, it could be observed that N_{2}O emissions were significantly lower from the biochar amended plots during periods with low emission rates (< 50 µg N_{2}O -N/m_{2}/h). Only during an extremely high emission event following heavy rainfall N_{2}O emissions from the biochar amended plots were higher than from the control plots. Our results demonstrate that pastures on ferrosols in Northern NSW are a significant source of GHG and that the amendment of biochar can alter those emissions. However, more field and laboratory incubation studies covering prolonged observation periods are needed to clarify the impact of biochar amendment on soil microbial processes and the emission of soil-borne GHGs.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 96-98.}, keywords = {Program co-ordination}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } An intensive field campaign was performed from April to June 2009 to assess the effect of biochar amendment on the emission of soil-borne GHGs from a sub-tropical pasture on acidic ferrosol. Over the whole measurement period high emissions N2O and high fluxes of CO2 could be observed, whereas a net uptake of CH4 was measured. Only small differences in the fluxes of N2O and CH4 from the biochar amended plots (35.33 ± 4.83 µg N2O -N/m2/h, -6.76 ± 0.20 µg CH4 -C/m2/h) vs. the control plots (31.08 ± 3.50 µg N2O-N/m2/h,-7.30 ± 0.19 µg CH4 -C/m2/h) could be observed, while there was no significant difference in the fluxes of CO2. However, it could be observed that N2O emissions were significantly lower from the biochar amended plots during periods with low emission rates (< 50 µg N2O -N/m2/h). Only during an extremely high emission event following heavy rainfall N2O emissions from the biochar amended plots were higher than from the control plots. Our results demonstrate that pastures on ferrosols in Northern NSW are a significant source of GHG and that the amendment of biochar can alter those emissions. However, more field and laboratory incubation studies covering prolonged observation periods are needed to clarify the impact of biochar amendment on soil microbial processes and the emission of soil-borne GHGs. |
Rowlings, David; Grace, Peter R; Kiese, Ralf; Scheer, Clemens Quantifying N2O and CO2 emissions from a subtropical pasture Journal Article pp. 199-201, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 199-201.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Reducing emissions through improved nitrogen use efficiency @article{Rowlings2010b, title = {Quantifying N_{2}O and CO_{2} emissions from a subtropical pasture}, author = {David Rowlings and Peter R. Grace and Ralf Kiese and Clemens Scheer}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {199-201}, abstract = {Greenhouse gas emissions from a well established, unfertilized tropical grass-legume pasture were monitored over two consecutive years using high resolution automatic sampling. Nitrous oxide emissions were highest during the summer months and were highly episodic, related more to the size and distribution of rain events than WFPS alone. Mean annual emissions were significantly higher during 2008 (5.7 ± 1.0 g N_{2}O-N/ha/day) than 2007 (3.9 ± 0.4 and g N_{2}O-N/ha/day) despite receiving nearly 500 mm less rain. Mean CO_{2} (28.2 ± 1.5 kg CO_{2} C/ha/day) was not significantly different (P < 0.01) between measurement years, emissions being highly dependent on temperature. A negative correlation between CO_{2} and WFPS at >70% indicated a threshold for soil conditions favouring denitrification. The use of automatic chambers for high resolution greenhouse gas sampling can greatly reduce emission estimation errors associated with temperature and WFPS changes.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 199-201.}, keywords = {Reducing emissions through improved nitrogen use efficiency}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Greenhouse gas emissions from a well established, unfertilized tropical grass-legume pasture were monitored over two consecutive years using high resolution automatic sampling. Nitrous oxide emissions were highest during the summer months and were highly episodic, related more to the size and distribution of rain events than WFPS alone. Mean annual emissions were significantly higher during 2008 (5.7 ± 1.0 g N2O-N/ha/day) than 2007 (3.9 ± 0.4 and g N2O-N/ha/day) despite receiving nearly 500 mm less rain. Mean CO2 (28.2 ± 1.5 kg CO2 C/ha/day) was not significantly different (P < 0.01) between measurement years, emissions being highly dependent on temperature. A negative correlation between CO2 and WFPS at >70% indicated a threshold for soil conditions favouring denitrification. The use of automatic chambers for high resolution greenhouse gas sampling can greatly reduce emission estimation errors associated with temperature and WFPS changes. |
Schwenke, G D; Haigh, Bruce; McMullen, Guy; Herridge, David Soil nitrous oxide emissions under dryland N-fertilised canola and N2-fixing chickpea in the northern grains region, Australia Journal Article pp. 228-231, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 228-231.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Reducing emissions through improved nitrogen use efficiency @article{Schwenke2010b, title = {Soil nitrous oxide emissions under dryland N-fertilised canola and N_{2}-fixing chickpea in the northern grains region, Australia}, author = {G. D. Schwenke and Bruce Haigh and Guy McMullen and David Herridge}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {228-231}, abstract = {Nitrous oxide (N_{2}O) emissions from cropping soils contribute to increasing atmospheric N_{2}O. Planning to reduce emissions requires real-world measurements. Crop production systems that partially rely on nitrogen (N) fixed by legumes may emit less N_{2}O than systems that are totally dependent on fertiliser N inputs. We measured N_{2}O emissions from a dryland vertosol in northwest NSW, Australia during the growth of Nfertilised canola ( ) and N_{2}-fixing chickpea (Cicer arietinum). At sowing, canola received 80 kg N/ha as urea, and chickpea was inoculated with effective rhizobia. Emissions of N_{2}O were monitored seven times per day using an automated system of chambers connected to a gas chromatograph. Daily N_{2}O emissions ranged from -1.7 to 39.6 g N_{2}O-N/ha/day in canola plots and -1.6 to 12.5 g N_{2}O-N/ha/day for chickpea. During crop growth, the N-fertilised canola plots emitted a total of 293 g N_{2}O-N/ha, equivalent to 0.37% of the urea N applied. Chickpea plots emitted 29 g N_{2}O-N/ha. The canola plots emitted a further 241 g N_{2}O-N/ha in the first months of the post-crop fallow, mostly during a short period of high rainfall, compared with 58 g N_{2}O-N/ha for chickpea. We hypothesise that the canola residue may have mineralised N earlier than chickpeas.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 228-231.}, keywords = {Reducing emissions through improved nitrogen use efficiency}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from cropping soils contribute to increasing atmospheric N2O. Planning to reduce emissions requires real-world measurements. Crop production systems that partially rely on nitrogen (N) fixed by legumes may emit less N2O than systems that are totally dependent on fertiliser N inputs. We measured N2O emissions from a dryland vertosol in northwest NSW, Australia during the growth of Nfertilised canola ( ) and N2-fixing chickpea (Cicer arietinum). At sowing, canola received 80 kg N/ha as urea, and chickpea was inoculated with effective rhizobia. Emissions of N2O were monitored seven times per day using an automated system of chambers connected to a gas chromatograph. Daily N2O emissions ranged from -1.7 to 39.6 g N2O-N/ha/day in canola plots and -1.6 to 12.5 g N2O-N/ha/day for chickpea. During crop growth, the N-fertilised canola plots emitted a total of 293 g N2O-N/ha, equivalent to 0.37% of the urea N applied. Chickpea plots emitted 29 g N2O-N/ha. The canola plots emitted a further 241 g N2O-N/ha in the first months of the post-crop fallow, mostly during a short period of high rainfall, compared with 58 g N2O-N/ha for chickpea. We hypothesise that the canola residue may have mineralised N earlier than chickpeas. |
Scheer, Clemens; Grace, Peter R; Rowling, Dave; Kimber, Stephen; Zwieten, Lukas Van Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Intensive Pasture On Ferrosol In Northern Nsw, Australia: Impact Of Biochar Amendment Journal Article pp. 96-98, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 96-98.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Reducing emissions through improved nitrogen use efficiency @article{Scheer2010b, title = {Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Intensive Pasture On Ferrosol In Northern Nsw, Australia: Impact Of Biochar Amendment}, author = {Clemens Scheer and Peter R. Grace and Dave Rowling and Stephen Kimber and Lukas Van Zwieten}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {96-98}, abstract = {An intensive field campaign was performed from April to June 2009 to assess the effect of biochar amendment on the emission of soil-borne GHGs from a sub-tropical pasture on acidic ferrosol. Over the whole measurement period high emissions of N_{2}O and high fluxes of CO_{2} could be observed, whereas a net uptake of CH_{4} was measured. Only small differences in the fluxes of N_{2}O and CH_{4} from the biochar amended plots (35.33 ± 4.83 µg N_{2}O-N/m2/h, -6.76 ± 0.20 µg CH_{4} -C/m2/h) vs. the control plots (31.08 ± 3.50 µg N_{2}O-N/m_{2}/h, -7.30 ± 0.19 µg CH_{4} -C/m2/h) could be observed, while there was no significant difference in the fluxes of CO_{2}. However, it could be observed that N_{2}O emissions were significantly lower from the biochar amended plots during periods with low emission rates (< 50 µg N_{2}O-N/m_{2}/h). Only during an extremely high emission event following heavy rainfall N_{2}O emissions from the biochar amended plots were higher than from the control plots. Our results demonstrate that pastures on ferrosols in Northern NSW are a significant source of GHG and that the amendment of biochar can alter those emissions. However, more field and laboratory incubation studies covering prolonged observation periods are needed to clarify the impact of biochar amendment on soil microbial processes and the emission of soil-borne GHGs.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 96-98.}, keywords = {Reducing emissions through improved nitrogen use efficiency}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } An intensive field campaign was performed from April to June 2009 to assess the effect of biochar amendment on the emission of soil-borne GHGs from a sub-tropical pasture on acidic ferrosol. Over the whole measurement period high emissions of N2O and high fluxes of CO2 could be observed, whereas a net uptake of CH4 was measured. Only small differences in the fluxes of N2O and CH4 from the biochar amended plots (35.33 ± 4.83 µg N2O-N/m2/h, -6.76 ± 0.20 µg CH4 -C/m2/h) vs. the control plots (31.08 ± 3.50 µg N2O-N/m2/h, -7.30 ± 0.19 µg CH4 -C/m2/h) could be observed, while there was no significant difference in the fluxes of CO2. However, it could be observed that N2O emissions were significantly lower from the biochar amended plots during periods with low emission rates (< 50 µg N2O-N/m2/h). Only during an extremely high emission event following heavy rainfall N2O emissions from the biochar amended plots were higher than from the control plots. Our results demonstrate that pastures on ferrosols in Northern NSW are a significant source of GHG and that the amendment of biochar can alter those emissions. However, more field and laboratory incubation studies covering prolonged observation periods are needed to clarify the impact of biochar amendment on soil microbial processes and the emission of soil-borne GHGs. |
Rowlings, David; Grace, Peter R; Kiese, Ralf; Scheer, Clemens Quantifying N2O and CO2 emissions from a subtropical pasture Journal Article pp. 199-201, 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 199-201.). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Improved process understanding and new technologies @article{Rowlings2010b, title = {Quantifying N_{2}O and CO_{2} emissions from a subtropical pasture}, author = {David Rowlings and Peter R. Grace and Ralf Kiese and Clemens Scheer}, url = {http://soilscienceaustralia.com.au/19th-world-congress-of-soil-science}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, pages = {199-201}, abstract = {Greenhouse gas emissions from a well established, unfertilized tropical grass-legume pasture were monitored over two consecutive years using high resolution automatic sampling. Nitrous oxide emissions were highest during the summer months and were highly episodic, related more to the size and distribution of rain events than WFPS alone. Mean annual emissions were significantly higher during 2008 (5.7 ± 1.0 g N2O-N/ha/day) than 2007 (3.9 ± 0.4 and g N2O-N/ha/day) despite receiving nearly 500 mm less rain. Mean CO2 (28.2 ± 1.5 kg CO2 C/ha/day) was not significantly different (P < 0.01) between measurement years, emissions being highly dependent on temperature. A negative correlation between CO2 and WFPS at >70% indicated a threshold for soil conditions favouring denitrification. The use of automatic chambers for high resolution greenhouse gas sampling can greatly reduce emission estimation errors associated with temperature and WFPS changes.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 199-201.}, keywords = {Improved process understanding and new technologies}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Greenhouse gas emissions from a well established, unfertilized tropical grass-legume pasture were monitored over two consecutive years using high resolution automatic sampling. Nitrous oxide emissions were highest during the summer months and were highly episodic, related more to the size and distribution of rain events than WFPS alone. Mean annual emissions were significantly higher during 2008 (5.7 ± 1.0 g N2O-N/ha/day) than 2007 (3.9 ± 0.4 and g N2O-N/ha/day) despite receiving nearly 500 mm less rain. Mean CO2 (28.2 ± 1.5 kg CO2 C/ha/day) was not significantly different (P < 0.01) between measurement years, emissions being highly dependent on temperature. A negative correlation between CO2 and WFPS at >70% indicated a threshold for soil conditions favouring denitrification. The use of automatic chambers for high resolution greenhouse gas sampling can greatly reduce emission estimation errors associated with temperature and WFPS changes. |
Grace, Peter R; Barton, Louise; Chen, Deli; Eckard, Richard; Graham, John; Hely, Sara; Kelly, Kevin; Officer, Sally; Rochester, Ian; Rowlings, David; Scheer, Clemens; Schwenke, G D; Wang, Weijin The Australian Nitrous Oxide Research Program Journal Article 2010, (Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 247-248.). Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: Program co-ordination @article{Grace2010, title = {The Australian Nitrous Oxide Research Program}, author = {Peter R. Grace and Louise Barton and Deli Chen and Richard Eckard and John Graham and Sara Hely and Kevin Kelly and Sally Officer and Ian Rochester and David Rowlings and Clemens Scheer and G. D. Schwenke and Weijin Wang}, year = {2010}, date = {2010-08-01}, abstract = {Nitrous oxide emissions are highly variable across industries, soils, climates and management practices. The Australian Nitrous Oxide Research Program (NORP) is a network of six experimental sites developing spatial and temporal scaling tools using both automatic and manual chambers comparing best management practices to reduce emissions whilst maintaining agricultural productivity and profitability. NORP delivers multiple benefits to Australia's primary producers through a comprehensive database for advanced analysis of N_{2}O emissions datasets, aligned with soil C, climate, and management data with easy access for end users and the simulation community.}, note = {Gilkes, R.J, Prakongkep, N. (Eds.). Proceedings 19th World Congress of Soil Science 2010; Published on DVD; http://www.iuss.org; Congress Symposium 4; Greenhouse gases from soils, IUSS, Brisbane, pp. 247-248.}, keywords = {Program co-ordination}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Nitrous oxide emissions are highly variable across industries, soils, climates and management practices. The Australian Nitrous Oxide Research Program (NORP) is a network of six experimental sites developing spatial and temporal scaling tools using both automatic and manual chambers comparing best management practices to reduce emissions whilst maintaining agricultural productivity and profitability. NORP delivers multiple benefits to Australia's primary producers through a comprehensive database for advanced analysis of N2O emissions datasets, aligned with soil C, climate, and management data with easy access for end users and the simulation community. |